Yazılım

Vue, Laravel ve Tailwind’de Rol ve Modül Tabanlı İzinler

teknomers
teknomers

Laravel 12 ile oluşturduğum, rol tabanlı ve modül tabanlı bir CMS geliştirdim. Bu sistem, kullanıcıların birden fazla rolü olabileceği ve erişimlerinin atanan modüller ve bileşenlere göre dinamik bir şekilde kontrol edildiği ince granüllü izinleri desteklemektedir. Kimlik doğrulama, Laravel Sanctum ile güvenli bir şekilde yapılırken, ön yüz modern ve reaktif bir deneyim için Composition API’yi kullanmaktadır.

<p>Tam projeyi GitHub'da keşfedebilir ve buradan deneyebilirsiniz: <a href="https://github.com/malickfaisal/cms-permission-vue-laravel" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">cms-permission-vue-laravel</a></p>

<strong>Adım 1: Sanctum'u API Kimlik Doğrulama için Kurun</strong><br/>
<p>Spatie Laravel Permission paketini kullanacağız. Bu paket yaygın olarak kullanılmakta ve test edilmiştir.</p>

<strong>1.</strong> Laravel Sanctum'u yükleyin:<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>composer require laravel/sanctum

<strong>2.</strong> Konfigürasyonu yayınlayın:<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan vendor:publish --provider="Laravel\Sanctum\SanctumServiceProvider"

<strong>3.</strong> Göçleri çalıştırın:<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan migrate

<strong>Adım 2: Spatie Rol &amp; İzin Yükleyin</strong><br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>composer require spatie/laravel-permission

php artisan vendor:publish –provider=”Spatie\Permission\PermissionServiceProvider”
php artisan migrate

<p>Kullanıcı modelini güncelleyin:<br/></p>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>use Spatie\Permission\Traits\HasRoles;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
use HasRoles;
….
}

<strong>Adım 3: Modüller &amp; Bileşenler Ekleyin</strong><br/>
<strong>1.</strong> Modül Göçü<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan make:migration create_modules_table 

<p>Göç dosyasını güncelleyin: database/migrations/xxxx_xx_xx_xxxx_create_modules_table.php<br/></p>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code><?php use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration {
public function up(): void
{
Schema::create(‘modules’, function (Blueprint $table) {
$table-?>id();
$table->string(‘name’);
$table->string(‘slug’);
});
}

public function down(): void
{
    Schema::dropIfExists('modules');
}

};

<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan make:migration create_modules_components_table

<strong>2.</strong> Bileşenler için Göç<br/>Göç dosyasını güncelleyin: database/migrations/xxxx_xx_xx_xxxx_create_modules_components_table.php<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code><?php use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration {
public function up(): void
{
Schema::create(‘modules_components’, function (Blueprint $table) {
$table-?>id();
$table->unsignedBigInteger(‘module_id’);
$table->string(‘name’);
$table->string(‘slug’); // Unik değil
$table->timestamps();
$table->foreign(‘module_id’)
->references(‘id’)
->on(‘modules’)
->onDelete(‘cascade’);
});
}

public function down(): void
{
    Schema::dropIfExists('modules_components');
}

};

<strong>3.</strong> İzin Göçünü Değiştirin<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan make:migration create_permission_alter_table 

<p>Göç dosyasını güncelleyin: database/migrations/xxxx_xx_xx_xxxx_create_permission_alter_table.php<br/></p>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>

<?php use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;

return new class extends Migration
{
public function up(): void
{
Schema::table(‘permissions’, function (Blueprint $table) {
$table-?>unsignedBigInteger(‘module_id’)->after(‘id’);
$table->unsignedBigInteger(‘component_id’)->after(‘module_id’);
$table->string(‘label’)->after(‘component_id’);
});
}

public function down(): void
{
    Schema::table('permissions', function (Blueprint $table) {
        $table-&gt;dropColumn('module_id');
        $table-&gt;dropColumn('component_id');
        $table-&gt;dropColumn('label');
    });
}

};

<strong>4.</strong> Modül, Bileşen ve İzinler için Modeller Oluşturun<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan make:model Module

php artisan make:model ModuleComponent
php artisan make:model ModuleHasPermission

<strong>5.</strong> Seeder Oluşturun<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan make:seeder DatabaseSeeder

<p>Aşağıdaki fonksiyonu database/seeders/DatabaseSeeder.php'ye kopyalayın ve yapıştırın:<br/></p>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code><?php namespace Database\Seeders;

use App\Models\User;
use App\Models\Modules\Module;
use App\Models\Modules\ModuleComponent;
use App\Models\Modules\Permission;
use App\Models\Modules\ModuleHasPermission;
use Spatie\Permission\Models\Role;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
use Illuminate\Database\Seeder;

class DatabaseNewSeeder extends Seeder
{
public function run(): void
{
$user = User::factory()-?>create([
‘name’ => ‘Test Admin’,
’email’ => ‘[email protected]’,
‘password’ => Hash::make(‘12345678’),
]);

    $adminRole = Role::firstOrCreate(['name' =&gt; 'admin']);
    $userRole  = Role::firstOrCreate(['name' =&gt; 'user']);
    $user-&gt;syncRoles([$adminRole-&gt;name]);

    $modules = [
        'Users' =&gt; ['Details', 'Permissions'],
        'Tasks' =&gt; ['List'],
        'Settings' =&gt; ['Details']
    ];

    foreach ($modules as $moduleName =&gt; $components) {
        $module = Module::create([
            'name' =&gt; $moduleName,
            'slug' =&gt; strtolower($moduleName),
        ]);

        foreach ($components as $componentName) {
            $component = ModuleComponent::create([
                'module_id' =&gt; $module-&gt;id,
                'name' =&gt; $componentName,
                'slug' =&gt; strtolower($componentName),
            ]);

            $crudLabels = ['View', 'Add', 'Edit', 'Delete'];
            foreach ($crudLabels as $label) {
                $permissionName = strtolower($moduleName) . '.' . strtolower($componentName) . '.' . strtolower($label);
                $permission = Permission::create([
                    'module_id' =&gt; $module-&gt;id,
                    'component_id' =&gt; $component-&gt;id,
                    'label' =&gt; $label,
                    'name' =&gt; $permissionName,
                    'guard_name' =&gt; 'web',
                ]);

                ModuleHasPermission::create([
                    'permission_id' =&gt; $permission-&gt;id,
                    'model_id' =&gt; $user-&gt;id,
                    'model_type' =&gt; User::class,
                ]);
            }
        }
    }
}

}

<strong>Seeder'ı çalıştırın:</strong><br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan db:seed --class=DatabaseSeeder

<strong>Adım 5: Auth API Oluşturun</strong><br/><strong>1.</strong> AuthController Oluşturun<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan make:controller AuthController

<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code><?php namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;

class AuthController extends Controller
{
public function login(Request $request)
{
$request-?>validate([
’email’=>’required|email’,
‘password’=>’required’
]);

    $user = User::where('email', $request-&gt;email)-&gt;first();

    if (!$user || !Hash::check($request-&gt;password, $user-&gt;password)) {
        throw ValidationException::withMessages([
            'email' =&gt; ['Invalid credentials.']
        ]);
    }

    $token = $user-&gt;createToken('api-token')-&gt;plainTextToken;

    return response()-&gt;json([
        'user'=&gt;$user,
        'token'=&gt;$token
    ]);
}

public function show_permissions()
{
    $auth = Auth::user(); 
    $admin['detail'] = $auth;
    $admin['roles'] = $auth-&gt;getRoleNames();
    $admin['permissions'] = $auth-&gt;getPermissionNames();
    return response()-&gt;json($admin, '201');
}

public function logout(Request $request)
{
    $request-&gt;user()-&gt;currentAccessToken()-&gt;delete();
    return response()-&gt;json(['message'=&gt;'Logged out']);
}

}

<strong>2.</strong> UserController Oluşturun<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan make:controller UserController

<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code><?php namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use App\Models\User;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
use Illuminate\Validation\Rule;
use Illuminate\Validation\ValidationException;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;

class UserController extends Controller
{
public function index()
{
$users = User::get();
return response()-?>json($users, 200);
}

public function store(Request $request)
{
    $request-&gt;validate([
        'role'=&gt;'required',
        'name'=&gt;'required',
        'email'=&gt;'required|email|unique:users',
        'password'=&gt;'required|min:6'
    ]);

    $user = User::create([
        'name'=&gt;$request-&gt;name,
        'email'=&gt;$request-&gt;email,
        'password'=&gt;Hash::make($request-&gt;password),
    ]);

    $user-&gt;assignRole($request-&gt;role); 

    return response()-&gt;json($user, 201);
}

public function update(int $id, Request $request)
{
    $user = User::findOrFail($id);
    $request-&gt;validate([
        'role' =&gt; 'required|string', 
        'name'  =&gt; 'required|string|max:255',
        'email' =&gt; [
            'required',
            'email',
            Rule::unique('users')-&gt;ignore($user-&gt;id),
        ],
    ]);

    $user-&gt;update([
        'name'  =&gt; $request-&gt;name,
        'email' =&gt; $request-&gt;email,
    ]);

    $user-&gt;syncRoles([$request-&gt;role]);
    return response()-&gt;json($user, 201);
}

public function show(int $id)
{
    $user = User::findOrFail($id); 
    $user-&gt;role = $user-&gt;getRoleNames();
    return response()-&gt;json($user, 201);
}

public function destroy(int $id)
{
    $user = User::findOrFail($id);
    $delete =  $user-&gt;delete();
    return response()-&gt;json($delete, 201);
}

}

<strong>3.</strong> ModuleController Oluşturun<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan make:controller ModuleController

<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code><?php namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
use App\Models\Modules\Module;
use App\Models\Modules\ModuleComponent;
use App\Models\Modules\Permission;
use App\Models\Modules\ModuleHasPermission;

class ModuleController extends Controller
{
public function index()
{
$modules = Module::get();
foreach($modules as $key =?> $row){
$data[‘module_id’] = $row->id;
$data[‘module_name’] = $row->label;
$permissions = Permission::where(‘module_id’, $row->id)->get();
$data[‘module_permissions’] = $permissions;
}
return response()->json($module, 201);
}

public function permission(int $user)
{
    $actions = array('View', 'Add', 'Edit', 'Delete');
    $modules = Module::get();
    foreach($modules as $key =&gt; $row){
        $data[$key]['module_id'] = $row-&gt;id;
        $data[$key]['module_name'] = $row-&gt;name;

        $components = ModuleComponent::where('module_id', $row-&gt;id)-&gt;get();
        $component = array();
        foreach($components as $i =&gt; $comp){
            $component[$i]['component_label'] = $comp-&gt;name;
            $action_arry = [];
            foreach($actions as $j =&gt; $action){
                $permission = Permission::where('module_id', $row-&gt;id)-&gt;where('component_id', $comp-&gt;id)-&gt;where('label', $action)-&gt;first();
                $per = array();
                if(isset($permission-&gt;id)){
                    $per['per_id'] = $permission-&gt;id;
                    $per['per_label'] = $permission-&gt;label;
                    $per['per_name'] = $permission-&gt;name;
                    $admin_per = ModuleHasPermission::where('model_id', $user)-&gt;where('permission_id', $permission-&gt;id)-&gt;first();
                    if(isset($admin_per-&gt;model_id)){
                        $per['check'] = 1;
                    }else{
                        $per['check'] = 0;
                    }
                }
                $action_arry[$j] = $per;
            }
            $component[$i]['component_actions'] = $action_arry;
        }
        $data[$key]['module_permissions'] = $component;
    }             
    return response()-&gt;json($data, 201);
}  

public function store(int $user, Request $request)
{
    $modules = $request-&gt;all();
    foreach($modules as $key =&gt; $row){
        foreach($row['module_permissions'] as $i =&gt; $comp){
            foreach($comp['component_actions'] as $ind =&gt; $val){
                if(isset($val['check']) &amp;&amp; $val['check'] == 1){
                    $admin_per = ModuleHasPermission::where('model_id', $user)-&gt;where('permission_id', $val['per_id'])-&gt;first();
                    if(empty($admin_per)){
                        $per_create = ModuleHasPermission::create([
                            'model_id' =&gt; $user,
                            'permission_id' =&gt; $val['per_id'],
                            'model_type' =&gt; 'App\Models\User',
                        ]);
                    }
                }
                if(isset($val['check']) &amp;&amp; $val['check'] == 0){
                    $admin_per = ModuleHasPermission::where('model_id', $user)-&gt;where('permission_id', $val['per_id'])-&gt;first();
                    if(isset($admin_per-&gt;model_id)){
                        $per_delete = ModuleHasPermission::where('model_id', $user)-&gt;where('permission_id', $val['per_id'])-&gt;delete();
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    } 

    return response()-&gt;json($modules, 201);
}

}

<strong>4.</strong> Routes'u ekleyin routes/api.php:<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code><?php use Illuminate\Http\Request;

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
use App\Http\Controllers\AuthController;
use App\Http\Controllers\UserController;
use App\Http\Controllers\ModuleController;

Route::post(‘/register’, [AuthController::class, ‘register’]);
Route::post(‘/login’, [AuthController::class, ‘login’]);

Route::middleware(‘auth:sanctum’)-?>group(function () {
Route::post(‘/logout’, [AuthController::class, ‘logout’]);
Route::get(“/users-permissions”, [AuthController::class, “show_permissions”]);
Route::apiResource(“/users”, UserController::class);
Route::get(“/users/{user}/permissions”, [ModuleController::class, “permission”]);
Route::post(“/users/{user}/permissions”, [ModuleController::class, “store”]);
});

<hr/>

<strong>Adım 6: Vue 3 Ön Yüzünü Kurun</strong><br/>
<strong>1.</strong> Bir Vue 3 projesi oluşturun (aynı veya başka bir klasöre):<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>npm create vite@latest frontend

cd frontend
npm install
npm install axios pinia vue-router

<strong>2.</strong> Axios API Global Konfigürasyonu<br/>src/stores/api.js<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>import axios from 'axios';

axios.defaults.baseURL = ‘http://127.0.0.1:8000/api‘;
axios.defaults.headers.common[‘Accept’] = ‘application/json’;

const token = localStorage.getItem(‘token’);
if (token) {
axios.defaults.headers.common[‘Authorization’] = Bearer ${token};
}

export default axios;

<strong>3.</strong> Pinia Store'u Kurun<br/>src/stores/auth.js<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>import { defineStore } from 'pinia';

import axios from ‘axios’;
import api from ‘./api’;

const api_url=”http://127.0.0.1:8000“;

export const useAuthStore = defineStore(‘auth’, {
state: () => ({
user: null,
token: localStorage.getItem(‘token’) || null,
}),

getters: {
isLoggedIn: (state) => !!state.token,
},

actions: {
async login(credentials) {
axios.get(api_url+’/sanctum/csrf-cookie’)
const res = await axios.post(api_url+’/api/login’, credentials);

    this.user = res.data.user;
    this.token = res.data.token;

    localStorage.setItem('token', this.token);
    axios.defaults.headers.common['Authorization'] = `Bearer ${this.token}`;
},
async logout() {
  await api.post('/logout');

  this.user = null;
  this.token = null;

  localStorage.removeItem('token');
  delete axios.defaults.headers.common['Authorization'];
},

},
});

<strong>src/stores/permission.js<br/></strong>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>import { defineStore } from 'pinia'

import api from ‘./api’;

export const usePermissionStore = defineStore(‘permission’, {
state: () => ({
user: null,
roles: [],
permissions: [],
loaded: false,
}),
actions: {
async fetchUser() {
await api.get(/users-permissions)
.then((resp) => {
this.user = resp.data.detail
this.roles = resp.data.roles
this.permissions = resp.data.permissions
this.loaded = true
})
},
can(check_permission) {
return this.permissions.includes(check_permission)
},
canRole(check_role) {
return this.roles.includes(check_role)
}
}
})

<strong>4.</strong> Vue Router ile Auth Guard<br/>src/router/index.js<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>import { createRouter, createWebHistory } from 'vue-router';

import { useAuthStore } from ‘../stores/auth’;
import { usePermissionStore } from ‘../stores/permission’
import Login from ‘../views/Login.vue’;
import Dashboard from ‘../views/Dashboard.vue’;
import Task from ‘../views/Task.vue’;

const routes = [
{ path: ‘/login’, component: Login },
{
path: ‘/dashboard’,
component: Dashboard,
meta: {
requiresAuth: true,
},
},
{
path: ‘/tasks’,
component: Task,
meta: {
requiresAuth: true,
permission: [‘tasks.list.view’]
},
},
{ path: “https://dev.to/“, redirect: ‘/dashboard’ },
];

const router = createRouter({
history: createWebHistory(),
routes,
});

router.beforeEach(async (to, from, next) => {
const auth = useAuthStore();
const adminStore = usePermissionStore()

if (!adminStore.loaded && auth.isLoggedIn) {
await adminStore.fetchUser()
}

if (to.matched.some(record => record.meta.requiresAuth)) {
if (!auth.isLoggedIn) {
next({
path: ‘/login’,
query: { redirect: to.fullPath }
});
} else {
const requiredRoles = to.meta.role
const requiredPermissions = to.meta.permission
if (requiredRoles && !requiredRoles.some(r => adminStore.canRole(r))) {
next({ path: ‘/unauthorized’ })
}
else if (requiredPermissions && !requiredPermissions.some(p => adminStore.can(p))) {
next({ path: ‘/unauthorized’ })
} else {
next()
}
}
} else if (to.matched.some(record => record.meta.guestOnly)) {
if (auth.isLoggedIn) {
next({ path: “https://dev.to/” })
} else {
next()
}
} else {
next()
}
})

export default router;

<strong>5.</strong> main.js'i değiştirin<br/>src/main.js<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>import { createApp } from 'vue'

import { createPinia } from ‘pinia’;
import router from ‘./router’;
import ‘./style.css’
import App from ‘./App.vue’

createApp(App)
.use(createPinia())
.use(router)
.mount(‘#app’);

<ol>
    <li>Login Ekranı</li>
</ol>

<p>src/views/Login.vue<br/></p>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>


<strong>7.</strong> Dashboard Ekranı<br/>src/Dashboard.vue<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code><template>

Roles: {{ permissionStore.user?.roles[0]?.name }}

<div class="bg-white p-8 rounded-xl shadow mb-5" v-if="permissionStore.can('settings.details.view')">
  <p>This is settings section.</p>
</div>
<p>
  <router-link to="/tasks" class="bg-indigo-600 text-white px-4 py-2 rounded hover:bg-indigo-700" v-if="permissionStore.can('tasks.list.view')">
    View Tasks
  </router-link>
</p>

<button class="bg-indigo-600 text-white px-4 py-2 rounded hover:bg-indigo-700">Logout</button>

<strong>8.</strong> Görev Ekranı<br/>src/Task.vue<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code><template>

<div class="bg-white shadow rounded-lg overflow-hidden">
  <table class="w-full">
    <thead class="bg-gray-800 text-white">
      <tr>
        <th class="px-4 py-3 text-left">Title</th>
        <th class="px-4 py-3 text-left">Action Date</th>
        <th class="px-4 py-3 text-left">Due Date</th>
        <th class="px-4 py-3 text-left">Status</th>
        <th class="px-4 py-3 text-left">Actions</th>
      </tr>
    </thead>

    <tbody>
      <tr v-for="task in tasks" :key="task.id" class="border-t border-t-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-50">
        <td class="px-4 py-3">{{ task.title }}</td>
        <td class="px-4 py-3">{{ task.action_date }}</td>
        <td class="px-4 py-3">{{ task.due_date }}</td>
        <td class="px-4 py-3">{{ task.status }}</td>
        <td class="px-4 py-3 space-x-2">
         <button type="button" v-if="permissionStore.can('tasks.list.edit')" class="text-indigo-600 hover:underline">Edit</button>
            <button type="button" v-if="permissionStore.can('tasks.list.delete')" class="text-indigo-600 hover:underline">Delete</button>
        </td>
      </tr>
    </tbody>
  </table>
</div>

<strong>Adım 7: Her Şeyi Test Edin</strong><br/>Laravel API'yi çalıştırın:<br/>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>php artisan serve

<p>Vue 3 ön yüzünü çalıştırın:<br/></p>
<div class="highlight js-code-highlight">
    <pre class="highlight plaintext"><code>npm run dev

<p><strong>GitHub:</strong><br/>Laravel 12, Vue 3 ve Tailwind CSS ile oluşturulmuş CMS İzin Sistemi'ni GitHub'da kontrol edin: <br/><a href="https://github.com/malickfaisal/cms-permission-vue-laravel" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/malickfaisal/cms-permission-vue-laravel</a><br/>Kodları keşfedin, deneyin ve rol tabanlı &amp; modül tabanlı izinlerin nasıl çalıştığını görün!</p>

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