The year is still 1990. We also take a look back at our first meeting in 1969. The Norwegian Petroleum Fund was established by law of 22 June 1990. Here ends Lykkeland. Photo: MAIPO FILM / news 1. Did the snack bags look like this? Rein has become a member of the Frp, something he wants to demonstrate to sister Anna by giving her children FrP buttons. He also gives them treats in pink and white striped bags. They are not original. – Posane was bought for the occasion, says chief requisitioner Christine Bozenski. They slip nicely into the late 80s and early 90s in terms of colors and design, according to the prop. – We don’t always manage to find everything original, so then we have to solve it in another way, she says. SMÅGODT: Before, it was common to point to the candy you wanted, and the clerk would put it in a bag for you. Self-picking only became common in Norway at the end of the 90s. Then it went from piece to kilo price. Photo: MAIPO FILM / news 2. Was there conflict between oil workers due to automation? Rein gets so “insanely annoyed!!!” after an encounter with a jingling on the oil deck. The newcomer controls a machine that Rein has helped build. The machine makes work on the platform safer, but also ensures that more people become redundant – and Rein gets the unpleasant task of firing people. Could this happen for real? Trude Meland at the Norwegian Oil Museum is a researcher and has recently published the book Norwegian rig history with Helge Ryggvik. She says that it is difficult to answer this question with facts, but: – Yes, there were probably some of the “old boys” who thought that the newly graduated engineers were a bunch of jerks, and that the only way to learn drilling, was “hands on”. But despite much investigation, she has not heard anything about a bad atmosphere on the drill deck due to the automation. – Most were probably satisfied that safety was improved and that drilling was simplified and made more efficient, she says. Before, there were several hands on deck, today most things are automated. The picture is from “Oil! Norwegian documentary series” from 2009. Photo: Pandora Film/news 3. How long was it common to smoke indoors? At the wedding party for Randi and Tobias, the groom himself sits with a cigarette in his hand. Not unusual in 1990. The so-called “smoking law” was introduced only two years earlier: In 1988, section 12 of the Tobacco Damage Act was introduced under Minister of Social Affairs Tove Strand. (Although the law was already proposed twenty years earlier in the Stortingsmelding 1968-69.) Before 1988 it was legal to smoke anywhere and at any time. Photo: MAIPO FILM / news Since 1988, the promise has been extended several times. Among other things in 2004 when it was forbidden to smoke indoors in all catering establishments (with many exceptions). Health Minister Dagfinn Høybråten received both honor and death threats for that promise. Although the number of smokers has decreased drastically over the past thirty years, there is now an increase again in young men who smoke (at parties). Here is a picture of the attitudes at that time, from Østlandsposten: “STANDHAFTIG: When the International No-Smoking Day was marked in 1988, nurse Dag Sørgaard was one of several people who smoked regularly, here in the canteen at the hospital in Elverum together with Astrid B. Voldmo and Wenche Hermansen.” Photo: Anne Stine Sæther / Østlendingen Political work for smoke-free air The fight against smoking was long and difficult. Regulations on the ban on tobacco advertising from 1975: “In these regulations, tobacco products mean cigarettes, cigars, smoking tobacco, snuff, snuff, cigarette paper, cigarette rollers and pipes.” The government submitted a proposal to the Storting on the world’s first action plan against smoking… and began the job against smoking, but met with laughter and strong opposition from other politicians. Restaurants, hotels and other catering and accommodation establishments are gradually being encouraged to introduce smoke-free environments. A third of restaurant tables and hotel rooms will be smoke-free. The age limit for purchasing tobacco will be increased from 16 to 18 years. There will also be a ban on smoking inside schools. The then Minister of Health Dagfinn Høybråten gets through the controversial ban which gave him death threats, but which has later been shelved. FYI, New York introduced the same law the year before. A few months later, the sale had decreased by 1.6 per cent. The tobacco packs receive warnings in the form of a picture. The Smoking Act now also includes e-cigarettes, both with and without nicotine. You can smoke outside, as long as the smoke does not seep into the ventilation system. The law does not apply to private homes. Smoking, snuff, other tobacco and e-cigarettes are prohibited on the school grounds during school hours. Show more 4. Was the FRP the “oil party”? Well. Many oil workers lost their jobs at the end of the 80s as a result of technological progress, interest rates were high (much higher than today) and many struggled to repay loans. Then as now, (among many other things) economic decline gives high support for the FRP. Many workers, including those who would normally have voted for the Labor Party, switched to the FRP at the 1989 parliamentary election. Like Rein. He believes that LO (and Ap) did not work for the rights of workers. The FRP was relatively strong among young workers in this period, but whether this was due to the oil policy is uncertain. – Maybe to some extent locally in the Stavanger area, but not nationally, says Bernt Olav Aardal, electoral researcher and professor. He has written a doctoral thesis on the 1989 election and the party’s view of the oil industry. SIGERSSMIL: The 1989 Storting election was a success for the Frp with Carl I. Hagen and his immigration policy. Those who voted for the FRP were mainly young men with low and medium incomes. Photo: Knut Nedrås / SCANPIX – Frp made a particularly good election in the Stavanger area with over 15 percent. But I cannot see that the party stood out as a particularly strong champion of oil, he says. Despite the fact that this is considered the first environmental election, both Høgre and Ap were positive about oil in 1989. Frp did not stand in strong contrast to the other parties in terms of oil policy. It was the immigration policy that gave them such high support. But that Rein can symbolize a trend in time – absolutely. PS: Did you know that the Act on the Oil Fund was passed under Høgre’s Prime Minister Jan P. Syse? The 1989 parliamentary election, live from studios 1 and 2 at Marienlyst, and from Kristiansand, Bergen and Tromsø. 5. But isn’t this … director Petter Næss? Well then! Næss is back. When Anna is on a job interview at the Oil Fund, the Lykkeland director sits on the other side of the table and interviews her. It is not the first time the director plays a role in front of the camera in the series. Næss, who is a former shoe player, was the head of the investigation in the 3rd episode of the previous season. Woody Allen, Robert De Niro and Martin Scorsese are directors who also appear in their own films and series. Anna is on a job interview at the Norwegian Petroleum Directorate, here represented by director Petter Næss. Photo: MAIPO FILM / news Hear the conversation with the director and scriptwriter in Studio 2: 6. Did the banknotes look like that? During Tobias and Randi’s wedding party, Grandpa Fredrik joins Marie in her room. There he, and we, get to see all the money she has saved by pawning bottles. Is it real money? Yep! We see that Marie tel sets produced between 1966–1983. But she could also have counted coins: In 1983 the 10 kroner note expired and was replaced by coins. See the settlements from 1962–2018. 10 KRONER IN 1984: The seat with the polar explorer Fridtjof Nansen was issued from 1972 to 1984. Invalid from 1999. Photo: NORGES BANK 50 KRONER IN 1984: Poet and social debater Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson was on the seat from 1966–1983. Invalid from 1999.50 KRON in 1990: Bjørnson is replaced by author, journalist and lawyer Aasmund Olavsson Vinje. Issued 1985–1997, invalid from 2008. 50 KRONER In 2003: With portrait of forest researcher Peter Christen Asbjørnsen was smaller in size than its predecessors. Valid from 1997–2019.100 KRON in 1970: Poet and national archivist Henrik Wergeland is portrayed on the red seat from 1962–1977. Invalid from 1999.100 KRON in 1979: Author Camilla Collett is the first woman to adorn a money seat. 690,180,000 copies of this seat were printed. 100 KRON in 2003: Another lady on the red seat, this time soprano Kirsten Flagstad. Invalid from 2018. Photo: NORGES BANK 7. How have they changed? 21 years have passed since we met the gang for the first time in 1969: Christian is a trained naval hunter from Haakonsvern and Martin has been his commander. Anna has completed one year of secretarial training. Toril has no education, and works at the Nyman canning factory, which we know has to close its operations due to the lack of fish in the sea. The oil discovery changes the direction of their lives at a very young age. OIL DISCOVERY IN 1969: What would Norway have been without? Photo: Unknown This is our first and last meeting with some of the Lykkeland characters. Anna and Christian Dei were both born in 1950. In the last episode, they are 40 years old, and have made careers in oil and become parents of young children in their own way and in their own way; Anna with the late Jonathan and Christian with Toril. SJÒLVE NOREG: First and last scene with Anna, who will represent Norway in history. From peasant girl to protecting the sudden wealth the whole country got. All pictures below are from Maipo Film for news NOTICEABLE TRANSFORMATION: Christian was played by Amund Harboe in the first season, then Paal Herman Ims took over. Toril Toril becomes pregnant in the first episode, as a 17-year-old prayer house girl. Getting pregnant out of wedlock was a sin, so she has to marry a man from the house of prayer, but on top of it all her father dies and she takes the blame. Even if it was Christian who had been drinking alcohol and driving. Nevertheless, they find each other, and Toril gradually becomes the queen of nightlife in Stavanger. It presents its own challenges, including drug addiction. OPPOSITE STARS: Malene Wadel (27) as Toril. This is the first and last we see of him. Martin If Martin is a few years older than Christian, who was 19 in 1969, we can assume that Martin will be around 42 years old when he dies in 1990. Martin is one of the characters who is closest in age to his own shoe player: Mads Sjøgård Pettersen is 40 years old in 2024. While Anne Regine Ellingsæter (Anna) is 29, and Paal Herman Ims (Christian) is 31 year. HARD FATE: Martin meets the same fate as many divers did at the time. Diver injuries and subsequent suicide. Ingrid and Fredrik Ingrid Nyman is 40 in 1969, while Fredrik Nyman is 48. He already turns 50 during season 1. Ingrid many times represents a larger societal development, and finds her own independence in, among other things, driving a car. Whether Fredrik is over 70 in the last episode or not is difficult to say, but he is in any case an aging man and a loving grandfather. APPARENTLY OLDER: Per Kjerstad (47) as Fredrik Nyman. FIRST AND LAST MEETING: Pia Tjelta (47) as landlady Ingrid Nyman (61), who probably dyed her hair. 8. Will there be a fourth season? No, unfortunately. But you can watch the first episode again: The oil company searches without results and wants to withdraw from Stavanger. Toril fears for Bengt’s future. Ingrid makes a big decision. Sources: SNL, Health Library, Directorate of Health, FHI, Lovdata, electoral researcher and professor at UiO, Bernt Aardal, professor of history, Einar Lie at UiO, Trude Meland at the Norwegian Oil Museum, FrP.no, SNL about the FRP, various newspapers and websites, Norges Bank, and the Lykkeland production by Petter Næss, Anne Bergseng, Mette Bølstad, Christine Bozenski. Published 08.12.2024, at 20.06
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