Although it may seem crazy, failing a breathalyzer test after drinking only water and a plate of pasta is possible. While explaining this to a police officer may raise eyebrows, the truth is that it is a medical reality for individuals suffering from self-fermentation syndrome.
The Investigation
Until now, this phenomenon was primarily attributed to yeast. However, a groundbreaking study by researchers from UC San Diego and Massachusetts General Hospital has identified specific strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae that are responsible for generating intoxicating levels of ethanol in the intestine. This discovery opens the door to surprising treatments, such as fecal transplantation. In essence, there are bacteria that can make us intoxicated without consuming alcohol.
The Metabolic Storm
The study involved analyzing 22 patients diagnosed with self-fermentation syndrome and comparing their results with 21 healthy relatives. Fecal samples from the affected patients were capable of producing ethanol at alarming levels during the analysis. In fact, one sample indicated an ethanol concentration of up to 136 mg/dl, which is alarming given that many countries have a legal driving limit of around 50 mg/dl. This means these individuals could be legally considered intoxicated without ever having a drink.
An Alcohol Factory
The study’s innovation lies in shifting the focus from yeast to bacteria, revealing a significant increase in genes responsible for mixed acid fermentation. However, it’s important to note that the issue does not stem from inherently ‘bad’ bacteria. Instead, a disrupted gut ecosystem is to blame, primarily triggered by the use of antibiotics. These medications can wipe out the balanced flora in the gut, allowing opportunistic pathogens to dominate and metabolize sugars into alcohol.
The Treatment
This issue poses serious health risks—not only due to the possibility of testing positive on alcohol tests, but also due to the toxicity that the body encounters. Current treatment focuses on fecal microbiota transplantation.
For this particular case, the transplant donor was a personal trainer with a healthy gut. Remarkably, after the procedure, the patient experienced a permanent cessation of their “self-producing” alcohol capability by repopulating their intestine with healthy bacteria.
Beyond Getting Drunk
While it may seem appealing to achieve a feeling of intoxication without spending money on drinks, the reality is that this condition can lead to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Chronic alcohol production can inflict severe liver damage.
Socially, individuals suffering from self-fermentation syndrome have faced the unfair repercussions of losing their driving licenses or experiencing job-related issues. Ultimately, what may appear to be a convenient excuse is actually a significant medical condition requiring awareness and understanding.
Images | Lawrence Krowdeed
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