John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton were today awarded this year’s Nobel Prize in Physics for discoveries in artificial intelligence. They have used tools from physics to develop methods that are the basis for today’s machine learning, it says on the Nobel Prize website. Inga Strümke has a PhD in particle physics, and researches artificial intelligence at NTNU. Photo: Øivind Haugen / news – They have built much of the foundation for modern artificial intelligence, says physicist and AI expert Inga Strümke. Hopfield and Hinton are described as very important for the form of artificial intelligence we know today. – If it hadn’t been for these two guys, we probably wouldn’t have ChatGPT today, says Strümke. John Hopfield. Photo: Denise Applewhite / Princeton University/AFP This is the reason Neural networks are the reason why artificial intelligence works. Hopfield and Hinton have built up a large foundation of research on neural networks. – It is the entire basis for what is cool within artificial intelligence today, explains Strümke. British-Canadian Geoffrey Hinton. Photo: Geoff Robins / AFP Many people think of language models such as ChatGPT when talking about artificial intelligence. But the field has existed much longer than the modern language models. Before Geoffrey Hinton’s work, people did not know how to train large neural networks, explains AI expert Morten Goodwin. Professor in artificial intelligence at the University of Agder, Morten Goodwin. Photo: John Inge Johansen – He was the one who figured it out. That’s his really big contribution, says Goodwin. Hinton created a method in the 1980s that was about “how to train the large neural networks.” It is this work with neural networks that has led to an AI revolution, explains Goodwin. The “Godfather” of artificial intelligence Hinton has been nicknamed the godfather of artificial intelligence by many, partly because of his central role early on in research into AI. – Many of the great researchers in the artificial intelligence field have also sat in his small office in Toronto, in the basement, in the 1980s and 1990s. He is also known for warning against the dangers of artificial intelligence. Last year, Hinton resigned from his position at Google in order to speak more openly about the risks associated with the technology, writes NTB. Hinton then told The New York Times that part of him regrets what he has devoted his life to. – I console myself with the usual excuse: If I hadn’t done it, someone else would have done it, he said. Hinton has long pointed to various challenges with algorithms, says Morten Goodwin. – We understand how they learn, but not how they actually work. And the fact that we don’t understand these big algorithms, such as ChatGPT, is quite scary, he says. – Because then we also have no control over what they actually do, says Goodwin. Goodwin believes the Nobel committee has chosen a worthy winner. – It is completely obvious. It is a very good choice. Published 08.10.2024, at 18.21
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