The Mayans: Traders of Exotic Dogs
Discovering Trade Networks
The Mayans were known for their extensive commercial networks, engaging in trade for goods such as jade, obsidian, cocoa, and shells. New archaeological findings now suggest another surprising aspect of their economy: dogs. Evidence indicates that during the Classic Period (200-900 AD), the Mayans not only valued these animals but also invested significant resources to transport them across vast distances.
Archaeological Findings
Recent studies conducted at Mayan sites such as Moxviquil and Tenam Puente uncovered bone fragments of dogs and deer. Dr. Elizateb Paris from the University of Calgary led research analyzing the chemical characteristics of these remains. The findings published in the Journal of Archaeological Science revealed unexpected results regarding the origins and diets of these animals.
Understanding Origins Through Isotopic Analysis
The analysis was grounded in isotopic research, particularly focusing on strontium levels in tooth enamel and bones. This technique allows researchers to trace the geographical origins of both humans and animals based on their diets. In this case, while deer bones showed familiar strontium levels consistent with their local environment, the dog bones indicated a much different story; they originated from distant Mayan kingdoms.
Surprising Diets of Mayan Dogs
In addition to their origins, researchers found that the dogs enjoyed a diet similar to that of their human counterparts, primarily consisting of corn and meat. The isotopic analysis of both carbon and nitrogen showed evidence of a deliberately curated diet rather than scavenging. This revelation leads to questions about the significance of dogs in Mayan society.
The Role of Trade
By analyzing these findings, Paris and colleagues concluded that the Mayans traded live dogs, sometimes transporting them hundreds of kilometers, notably between central Chiapas and the northern Yucatán Peninsula. This underscores the sophistication of their trade networks and reflects shared customs that resonate with today’s experiences, shedding light on pre-Columbian economic practices.
Unanswered Questions
Despite the illuminating findings, there remain significant unknowns. Researchers still question which dog breeds were particularly valued in Mayan society. Some speculate that these could include breeds like the Xolotizcuintli (xolo), known for its hairless characteristics, which aligns with findings of unique dental formations among certain dog bones in Chiapas.
Cultural Significance
In conclusion, the perceived value of dogs among the Mayans extends beyond mere trade. Not only were they cherished companions, as reflected in various artistic representations that depict rulers with small dogs, but they played a vital role in a complex society that appreciated their worth. Ongoing research aims to further unravel the mystery surrounding these valuable creatures, potentially unveiling more about the intricate tapestry of Mayan life.